Anwesenheit und Gebürtigkeit in Österreich-Ungarn 1900 | Residence and birth place in Austria-Hungary, 1900
Mobilität
Anwesenheit und Gebürtigkeit in Österreich-Ungarn 1900
Mobility
Residence and birth place in Austria-Hungary, 1900






Die Volkszählungen zählten die anwesende Bevölkerung und erhoben dabei auch den Ort der Geburt. Mit Hilfe dieser Daten kann man unterscheiden zwischen
Es war daher auch möglich, jene Personen zu erfassen, die im Ausland geboren und in Österreich-Ungarn anwesend waren. Personen, die in Österreich-Ungarn geboren, aber ausgewandert waren, konnte man hingegen nicht erfassen, weil überhaupt nicht in die Zählung gelangten. Die Karten unterscheiden zwischen Personen je nach dem Grad ihrer Mobilität:
Als Rest bleiben jene, die über die Grenzen des Landes gewandert waren, also sich nicht im Geburtsland aufhielten.
Die beiden Perspektiven — Herkunft der Anwesenden und Verbleib der am Ort Geborenen — führen zu meist ähnlichen, aber nicht gleichen Ergebnissen. Man kann folgende Typen unterscheiden:
The censuses counted the resident population and also recorded their place of birth. Using this data, it is possible to distinguish between
It was therefore also possible to record those individuals who were born abroad and present in Austria-Hungary. However, it was not possible to record individuals who were born in Austria-Hungary but had emigrated, as they were not included in the census at all. The maps distinguish between individuals according to their degree of mobility:
These two perspectives — the origins of those present and the whereabouts of those born locally — generally yield similar, though not identical, results. The following categories can be distinguished:
There were areas where the population was entirely immobile. Almost everyone living there had also been born there, and almost everyone born there still lived there. A prime example of this is the majority of Dalmatia.
Other areas were areas of emigration. Those who still lived there were predominantly born there too. But quite a few who were born there now lived elsewhere. An example of this is South Bohemia.
A third type consists of areas of immigration. Of those living there, many were born elsewhere. But a considerable proportion of those born there still resided there. An example of this is Vienna.
Ultimately, there were areas characterised by a certain degree of population movement in both directions. These areas were home to people who had been born elsewhere, whilst some of those born there had moved away. An example of this is much of Upper Austria.
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